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Pre-impoundment Macroinvertebrate Composition of Elemi River, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria

Received: 22 November 2015     Accepted: 3 December 2015     Published: 4 January 2016
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Abstract

Benthic organisms are generally considered to be good indicators of environmental conditions of aquatic ecosystem. The present study was undertaken to study the pre-impoundment composition, abundance, distribution and diversity of the macroinvertebrate fauna of Elemi River, Ado-Ekiti, while using these organisms as water-quality bioindicators. Physicochemical, metals and benthic samples were collected biweekly at four stations between April –July, 2015, using standard methods of APHA (1998). The mean values of triplicate samples of physicochemical parameters include pH (6.82±0.06), temperature (27.05°C ± 4.35), TDS (0.07 ± 0.0001), DO (11.15 ± 1.88), BOD (5.8 ± 0.71), NO3 (57.08 ± 6.48), SO4 (76.14 ± 10.4). For the metals, the mean values are Pb (0.01 ± 0.0001), Cr (0.21 ± 0.04), Cu (0.07 ± 0.003), Mg (152.68 ± 79.5), Zn (2.05 ± 5.19), and Fe (1.98 ± 0.21). When compared with the WHO permissible standards for freshwaters, DO, BOD and NO3 had mean values that were significantly higher than the WHO standards for drinking and agricultural purposes. Also, metals including Cr, Mg, Zn, and Fe had mean values significantly higher than the WHO standards. Seven families of macroinvertebrates representing five orders of Mollusca (66.6%), Coleoptera (14.6%), Plecoptera (12.7%), Hemiptera (4.3%), and Tricoptera (1.8%) were recorded during the period of study. Of the total collected macroinvertebrates, insects comprised only 33.4%, but they are more diverse compared with the gastropods which made up the highest (66.6%) percentage, but are less diverse. Their high abundance coupled with high concentrations of some physicochemical parameters indicates high impact of anthropogenic activities and may result into high organic pollution of the river. Elemi River thus experiences degradation as it flows downstream and benthic macroinvertebrates can serve as a good biological indicator to monitor the river health.

Published in International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis (Volume 3, Issue 6)
DOI 10.11648/j.ijema.20150306.17
Page(s) 425-434
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2016. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Elemi River, Physicochemical Parameters, Macroinvertebrates, Pre-impoundment, Organic Pollution

References
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    Edward J. B., Adewumi A. A., Idowu E. O., Oso J. A., Adeoba E. A., et al. (2016). Pre-impoundment Macroinvertebrate Composition of Elemi River, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria. International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis, 3(6), 425-434. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20150306.17

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    Edward J. B.; Adewumi A. A.; Idowu E. O.; Oso J. A.; Adeoba E. A., et al. Pre-impoundment Macroinvertebrate Composition of Elemi River, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria. Int. J. Environ. Monit. Anal. 2016, 3(6), 425-434. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20150306.17

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    AMA Style

    Edward J. B., Adewumi A. A., Idowu E. O., Oso J. A., Adeoba E. A., et al. Pre-impoundment Macroinvertebrate Composition of Elemi River, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria. Int J Environ Monit Anal. 2016;3(6):425-434. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20150306.17

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijema.20150306.17,
      author = {Edward J. B. and Adewumi A. A. and Idowu E. O. and Oso J. A. and Adeoba E. A. and Olofintoye L. K.},
      title = {Pre-impoundment Macroinvertebrate Composition of Elemi River, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria},
      journal = {International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis},
      volume = {3},
      number = {6},
      pages = {425-434},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijema.20150306.17},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20150306.17},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijema.20150306.17},
      abstract = {Benthic organisms are generally considered to be good indicators of environmental conditions of aquatic ecosystem. The present study was undertaken to study the pre-impoundment composition, abundance, distribution and diversity of the macroinvertebrate fauna of Elemi River, Ado-Ekiti, while using these organisms as water-quality bioindicators. Physicochemical, metals and benthic samples were collected biweekly at four stations between April –July, 2015, using standard methods of APHA (1998). The mean values of triplicate samples of physicochemical parameters include pH (6.82±0.06), temperature (27.05°C ± 4.35), TDS (0.07 ± 0.0001), DO (11.15 ± 1.88), BOD (5.8 ± 0.71), NO3 (57.08 ± 6.48), SO4 (76.14 ± 10.4). For the metals, the mean values are Pb (0.01 ± 0.0001), Cr (0.21 ± 0.04), Cu (0.07 ± 0.003), Mg (152.68 ± 79.5), Zn (2.05 ± 5.19), and Fe (1.98 ± 0.21). When compared with the WHO permissible standards for freshwaters, DO, BOD and NO3 had mean values that were significantly higher than the WHO standards for drinking and agricultural purposes. Also, metals including Cr, Mg, Zn, and Fe had mean values significantly higher than the WHO standards. Seven families of macroinvertebrates representing five orders of Mollusca (66.6%), Coleoptera (14.6%), Plecoptera (12.7%), Hemiptera (4.3%), and Tricoptera (1.8%) were recorded during the period of study. Of the total collected macroinvertebrates, insects comprised only 33.4%, but they are more diverse compared with the gastropods which made up the highest (66.6%) percentage, but are less diverse. Their high abundance coupled with high concentrations of some physicochemical parameters indicates high impact of anthropogenic activities and may result into high organic pollution of the river. Elemi River thus experiences degradation as it flows downstream and benthic macroinvertebrates can serve as a good biological indicator to monitor the river health.},
     year = {2016}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Pre-impoundment Macroinvertebrate Composition of Elemi River, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
    AU  - Edward J. B.
    AU  - Adewumi A. A.
    AU  - Idowu E. O.
    AU  - Oso J. A.
    AU  - Adeoba E. A.
    AU  - Olofintoye L. K.
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    JF  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
    JO  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
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    PB  - Science Publishing Group
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    AB  - Benthic organisms are generally considered to be good indicators of environmental conditions of aquatic ecosystem. The present study was undertaken to study the pre-impoundment composition, abundance, distribution and diversity of the macroinvertebrate fauna of Elemi River, Ado-Ekiti, while using these organisms as water-quality bioindicators. Physicochemical, metals and benthic samples were collected biweekly at four stations between April –July, 2015, using standard methods of APHA (1998). The mean values of triplicate samples of physicochemical parameters include pH (6.82±0.06), temperature (27.05°C ± 4.35), TDS (0.07 ± 0.0001), DO (11.15 ± 1.88), BOD (5.8 ± 0.71), NO3 (57.08 ± 6.48), SO4 (76.14 ± 10.4). For the metals, the mean values are Pb (0.01 ± 0.0001), Cr (0.21 ± 0.04), Cu (0.07 ± 0.003), Mg (152.68 ± 79.5), Zn (2.05 ± 5.19), and Fe (1.98 ± 0.21). When compared with the WHO permissible standards for freshwaters, DO, BOD and NO3 had mean values that were significantly higher than the WHO standards for drinking and agricultural purposes. Also, metals including Cr, Mg, Zn, and Fe had mean values significantly higher than the WHO standards. Seven families of macroinvertebrates representing five orders of Mollusca (66.6%), Coleoptera (14.6%), Plecoptera (12.7%), Hemiptera (4.3%), and Tricoptera (1.8%) were recorded during the period of study. Of the total collected macroinvertebrates, insects comprised only 33.4%, but they are more diverse compared with the gastropods which made up the highest (66.6%) percentage, but are less diverse. Their high abundance coupled with high concentrations of some physicochemical parameters indicates high impact of anthropogenic activities and may result into high organic pollution of the river. Elemi River thus experiences degradation as it flows downstream and benthic macroinvertebrates can serve as a good biological indicator to monitor the river health.
    VL  - 3
    IS  - 6
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Dept. of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria

  • Dept. of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria

  • Dept. of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria

  • Dept. of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria

  • Dept. of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria

  • Dept. of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria

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