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Organophosphorus Pesticide Residues in Vegetable and Soil Samples from Alau Dam and Gongulong Agricultural Areas, Borno State, Nigeria

Published: 2 April 2013
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Abstract

The Concentrations of organophosphorus pesticide residues (dichlorvos, diazinon, chlorpyrifos, and fenitro-thion) were determine in some vegetables (spinach, lettuce, cabbage, tomato and onion) and soil samples from different depths within Alau Dam and Gongulong agricultural areas in Borno State, Nigeria. Samples collection and preparation were carried out using standard procedures. The concentrations of all the pesticides in the vegetables and soil samples were determined using GC/MS SHIMADZU (GC-17A) equipped with electron capture detector (ECD). The highest concentra-tions of diclorvos, diazinon, chlorpiryfos and fenithrothion in the Alau Dam and Gongulong agricultural areas were ob-served in the leaf of tomato, while the lowest concentrations were observed in the root of spinach. The concentrations of all the pesticides in the soil samples were observed to be higher at a depth of 21-30cm, while the lowest concentrations were observed at a depth of 0-10cm. The concentrations of all the organophosphorus pesticides in the vegetables and soil samples from the two agricultural areas were observed to be at alarming levels, much higher than the maximum residue limits (MRLs) and acceptable daily intake values (ADIs) set for vegetables and soil by the Cordex 2009 (WHO and FAO). The occurrence of pesticides in the vegetables and soil samples is a major threat to human that depends on these vegetables as food. Hence, the need for continuous monitoring is recommended so as to regulate the used of this pesticide in the study areas.

Published in International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis (Volume 1, Issue 2)
DOI 10.11648/j.ijema.20130102.14
Page(s) 58-64
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2013. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Organophosphorus, Pesticide, Vegetables, Soil, Pollution, Agriculture

References
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  • APA Style

    J. C. Akan, L. Jafiya, Z. Mohammed, F. I. Abdulrahman. (2013). Organophosphorus Pesticide Residues in Vegetable and Soil Samples from Alau Dam and Gongulong Agricultural Areas, Borno State, Nigeria. International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis, 1(2), 58-64. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20130102.14

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    ACS Style

    J. C. Akan; L. Jafiya; Z. Mohammed; F. I. Abdulrahman. Organophosphorus Pesticide Residues in Vegetable and Soil Samples from Alau Dam and Gongulong Agricultural Areas, Borno State, Nigeria. Int. J. Environ. Monit. Anal. 2013, 1(2), 58-64. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20130102.14

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    AMA Style

    J. C. Akan, L. Jafiya, Z. Mohammed, F. I. Abdulrahman. Organophosphorus Pesticide Residues in Vegetable and Soil Samples from Alau Dam and Gongulong Agricultural Areas, Borno State, Nigeria. Int J Environ Monit Anal. 2013;1(2):58-64. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20130102.14

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijema.20130102.14,
      author = {J. C. Akan and L. Jafiya and Z. Mohammed and F. I. Abdulrahman},
      title = {Organophosphorus Pesticide Residues in Vegetable and Soil Samples from Alau Dam and Gongulong Agricultural Areas, Borno State, Nigeria},
      journal = {International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis},
      volume = {1},
      number = {2},
      pages = {58-64},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijema.20130102.14},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20130102.14},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijema.20130102.14},
      abstract = {The Concentrations of organophosphorus pesticide residues (dichlorvos, diazinon, chlorpyrifos, and fenitro-thion) were determine in some vegetables (spinach, lettuce, cabbage, tomato and onion) and soil samples from different depths within Alau Dam and Gongulong agricultural areas in Borno State, Nigeria. Samples collection and preparation were carried out using standard procedures. The concentrations of all the pesticides in the vegetables and soil samples were determined using GC/MS SHIMADZU (GC-17A) equipped with electron capture detector (ECD).  The highest concentra-tions of diclorvos, diazinon, chlorpiryfos and fenithrothion in the Alau Dam and Gongulong agricultural areas were ob-served in the leaf of tomato, while the lowest concentrations were observed in the root of spinach. The concentrations of all the pesticides in the soil samples were observed to be higher at a depth of 21-30cm, while the lowest concentrations were observed at a depth of 0-10cm. The concentrations of all the organophosphorus pesticides in the vegetables and soil samples from the two agricultural areas were observed to be at alarming levels, much higher than the maximum residue limits (MRLs) and acceptable daily intake values (ADIs) set for vegetables and soil by the Cordex 2009 (WHO and FAO). The occurrence of pesticides in the vegetables and soil samples is a major threat to human that depends on these vegetables as food. Hence, the need for continuous monitoring is recommended so as to regulate the used of this pesticide in the study areas.},
     year = {2013}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Organophosphorus Pesticide Residues in Vegetable and Soil Samples from Alau Dam and Gongulong Agricultural Areas, Borno State, Nigeria
    AU  - J. C. Akan
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    JO  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
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    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20130102.14
    AB  - The Concentrations of organophosphorus pesticide residues (dichlorvos, diazinon, chlorpyrifos, and fenitro-thion) were determine in some vegetables (spinach, lettuce, cabbage, tomato and onion) and soil samples from different depths within Alau Dam and Gongulong agricultural areas in Borno State, Nigeria. Samples collection and preparation were carried out using standard procedures. The concentrations of all the pesticides in the vegetables and soil samples were determined using GC/MS SHIMADZU (GC-17A) equipped with electron capture detector (ECD).  The highest concentra-tions of diclorvos, diazinon, chlorpiryfos and fenithrothion in the Alau Dam and Gongulong agricultural areas were ob-served in the leaf of tomato, while the lowest concentrations were observed in the root of spinach. The concentrations of all the pesticides in the soil samples were observed to be higher at a depth of 21-30cm, while the lowest concentrations were observed at a depth of 0-10cm. The concentrations of all the organophosphorus pesticides in the vegetables and soil samples from the two agricultural areas were observed to be at alarming levels, much higher than the maximum residue limits (MRLs) and acceptable daily intake values (ADIs) set for vegetables and soil by the Cordex 2009 (WHO and FAO). The occurrence of pesticides in the vegetables and soil samples is a major threat to human that depends on these vegetables as food. Hence, the need for continuous monitoring is recommended so as to regulate the used of this pesticide in the study areas.
    VL  - 1
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Author Information
  • Department of Chemistry, University of Maiduguri, P.M.B 1069, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria

  • Department of Chemistry, University of Maiduguri, P.M.B 1069, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria

  • Department of Chemistry, University of Maiduguri, P.M.B 1069, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria

  • Department of Chemistry, University of Maiduguri, P.M.B 1069, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria

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